Horn Shark

The Horn Shark, *Heterodontus francisci*, is a fascinating and unique species of bottom-dwelling shark that makes an intriguing addition to a very large, specialized aquarium. Easily recognized by the two prominent spines, one in front of each dorsal fin, and its blunt head with ridges above the eyes, this shark has a mottled brown to gray coloration that provides excellent camouflage on the seabed.

Due to its potential size and active nature, a minimum tank size of 180 gallons is recommended, though larger is always better to provide ample swimming space and a stable environment. The aquarium should have a soft substrate like sand or fine gravel, as Horn Sharks spend much of their time resting on the bottom. Plenty of rockwork and caves should be provided to offer hiding places and mimic their natural habitat. This species is generally peaceful towards tankmates that are too large to be considered prey, but smaller fish and invertebrates may be at risk. They are not suitable for a typical reef aquarium as they may disturb corals and invertebrates.

In the wild, Horn Sharks are nocturnal predators that feed on invertebrates such as sea urchins, crabs, and mollusks. In the aquarium, they should be offered a varied diet of high-quality marine-based foods such as squid, shrimp, and pieces of fish. They are slow eaters and should be given time to consume their food without competition.

Horn Sharks can grow up to 3-4 feet in length in a captive environment, requiring a significant long-term commitment and appropriate housing. Sexing is difficult visually, and breeding in a home aquarium is extremely rare. This species is best suited for experienced aquarists with the resources and dedication to provide the specialized care and large habitat required for a shark.